Causes of Epigastric Pain: What’s Behind That Upper Belly Discomfort?

When you feel a burning or gnawing sensation just under your breastbone, you’re likely experiencing epigastric pain, discomfort located in the upper central part of the abdomen, often described as a vague ache or sharp stab. Also known as upper abdominal pain, epigastric pain can signal anything from a harmless indigestion episode to a serious organ problem. Because the region sits over the stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder and the lower part of the esophagus, many different conditions can hide behind the same feeling.

Key Triggers Explained

One common culprit is gastric ulcer, a sore in the stomach lining that creates a burning sensation, especially after meals. The ulcer erodes the protective mucus layer, exposing nerve endings and leading to the classic epigastric ache. Another frequent offender is acid reflux, the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus that irritates the lining and triggers pain. When the lower esophageal sphincter fails, acid climbs up, and the resulting irritation often mimics ulcer pain. pancreatitis, inflammation of the pancreas that produces a deep, radiating epigastric pain is a more serious cause; the pancreas sits just behind the stomach, and its inflammation can spread pain to the back. gallbladder disease, issues like gallstones or cholecystitis that press against the liver and duodenum also masquerade as epigastric pain, especially after fatty meals. In each case, the symptom “epigastric pain” encompasses a different underlying problem, so pinpointing the source requires looking at timing, triggers, and accompanying signs such as nausea, vomiting, fever, or changes in bowel habits.

Understanding these relationships helps you decide when a home remedy might be enough and when you need a doctor’s eye. If the pain appears after a heavy, spicy dinner and eases with antacids, acid reflux or a mild ulcer is likely. Persistent, severe pain that wakes you at night, spreads to your back, or comes with fever points toward pancreatitis or gallbladder trouble, and those conditions need prompt medical evaluation. Below, you’ll find a collection of articles that break down the most common triggers, compare treatment options, and offer practical steps you can take now. Whether you’re sorting out a one‑off upset stomach or trying to decode a chronic issue, the resources ahead will give you clear, actionable insight into the causes of epigastric pain.